In 1989 Indian team comprising Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Calcutta, Panjab University Chandigarh, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur and University of Jammu join the WA93 collaboration. The Indian team contributes, with the collaboration of GSI, Darmstadt, a plastic scintillator and WLS fibre based Photon Multiplicity Detector (PMD) having 7600 plastic scintillator pads. Each pad is 20 x 20 x 30 mm3, kept behind a thick lead converter plates. Light from the pads is collected and transported by wavelength-shifting optical fibres read out using a 3-stage image intensifier and CCD camera system developed and used by UA2 experiment at CERN p-pbar collider (CERN Courier Sept. 1991)
WA93 PMD going to CERN: May 1991
In 1993 the Indian team, with the addition of Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar, goes to the WA98 collaboration and contributes a PMD with 53000 pads covering 21 sq.m. (CERN Courier Jan. 1995). Compared to WA93, use of improved WLS fibres, short WLS pieces to minimize self-absorption, and thermal splicing with long clear fibres were some of the important changes incorporated. Tests showed signficantly improved light collection. The scintillator pads were fabricated at all the five collaborating centres in India and the complicated assembly in the detector box modules carried out at the Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Calcutta. More than 400 lead converter plates were machined in Calcutta to rigorous tolerances of 0.2 mm. The assembled detector box modules and lead plates were shipped to CERN in spring 1994 for tests and installation.
PMD at the experimental site
Photograph taken at VECC before shipping PMD to CERN
Collaboration
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur
- Panjab University, Chandigarh
- University of Jammu, Jammu
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata
Detector
Scintillator pads with wavelength shifting fibres using image intensifier + CCD camera systems
readout. 53000 pads covering an area of 21 m2
Details
A Preshower photon multiplicity detector for the WA98 experiment: Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A 424
(1999) 395-413
Physics
WA93-PMD: First heavy-ion experiment at SPS to detect collective flow
WA98-PMD (+SPMD): WA98 is the first Heavy-ion experiment to study signals of Disoriented Chiral Condensate (DCC)
Publications
| 1. | Title | Event-by-event charged-neutral fluctuations in Pb+Pb collisions at 158 \(A\)GeV |
|---|---|---|
| Journal | Phys.Lett.B 701 (2011) 300-305 | |
| Collaboration | WA98 | |
| List of primary authors | M.M. Agarwal and Y. P. Viyogi | |
| Primary author institutes | Panjab University, VECC | |
| 2. | Title | Azimuthal anisotropy of photon and charged particle emission in Pb-208 + Pb-208 collisions at 158 \(A\)GeV/\(c\) |
| Journal | Eur.Phys.J.C 41 (2005) 287-296 | |
| Collaboration | WA98 | |
| List of primary authors | Sudhir Raniwala, Rashmi Raniwala | |
| Primary author institutes | University of Rajasthan and IOP | |
| 3. | Title | Centrality dependence of charged neutral particle fluctuations in 158-A-GeV Pb-208 + Pb-208 collisions |
| Journal | Phys. Rev. C 67, 044901 – Published 2 April 2003 | |
| Collaboration | WA98 | |
| List of primary authors | Bedangadas Mohanty and Tapan K. Nayak | |
| Primary author institutes | IOP, VECC | |
| 4. | Title | Event-by-event fluctuations in particle multiplicities and transverse energy produced in 158-A-GeV Pb + Pb collisions |
| Journal | Phys. Rev. C 65, 054912 – Published 17 May 2002 | |
| Citations | 80+ | |
| Collaboration | WA98 | |
| List of primary authors | Bedangadas Mohanty and Tapan K. Nayak | |
| Primary author institutes | IOP, VECC | |
| 5. | Title | Localized charged neutral fluctuations in 158 A GeV Pb + Pb collisions |
| Journal | Phys. Rev. C 64, 011901(R) – Published 31 May 2001 | |
| Citations | 45+ | |
| Collaboration | WA98 | |
| List of primary authors | Bedangadas Mohanty, Basanta Nandi, Tapan K. Nayak, D. P. Mahapatra and Y. P. Viyogi | |
| Primary author institutes | IOP, VECC | |
| 6. | Title | Systematics of inclusive photon production in 158 \(A\)GeV Pb induced reactions on Ni, Nb, and Pb targets |
| Journal | Phys.Lett.B 458 (1999) 422-430 | |
| Collaboration | WA98 | |
| List of primary authors | Basanta Nandi, Gobinda Mishra, D. P. Mahapatra, Tapan K. Nayak, S. Chattopadhyay, Y. P. Viyogi | |
| Primary author institutes | IOP, VECC | |
| 7. | Title | Search for disoriented chiral condensates in 158 GeV/\(A\) Pb + Pb collisions |
| Journal | Phys.Lett.B 420 (1998) 169-179 | |
| Citations | 75+ | |
| Collaboration | WA98 | |
| List of primary authors | Basanta Nandi, Tapan K. Nayak, Peter Steinberg and Bolek Wyslouch | |
| Primary author institutes | IOP, VECC, MIT | |
| 8. | Title | Multiplicity and pseudorapidity distribution of photons in S+Au reaction at 200 \(A\)GeV |
| Journal | Phys. Rev. C 58, 1146 – Published 1 August 1998 | |
| Collaboration | WA93 | |
| List of primary authors | S. K. Nayak, S. Chattopadhyay, Y.P. Viyogi et al | |
| Primary author institutes | IOP, VECC | |
| 9. | Title | Azimuthal anisotropy in S + Au reactions at 200 \(A\)GeV |
| Journal | Phys.Lett.B 403 (1997) 390-396 | |
| Collaboration | WA93 | |
| List of primary authors | S. K. Nayak, S. Chattopadhyay, Y.P. Viyogi et al | |
| Primary author institutes | IOP, VECC | |